In an age where there was little consistency in product from one local store to another, or one day to the next, the variety of products and predictability of what one was purchasing with these brands, was a welcomed change in the way of life. William Byrd II of Westover, Virginia, exemplifies the colonial gentry. The promise of abundance fundamental rethinking of the functions of political authority 0000000846 00000 n Although most of the Spanishspeaking population lived in the Southwest and California and worked as farm laborers, a small percentage found factory jobs in the Midwest and were sometimes recruited by American companies. that gender roles were changing Direct link to David Alexander's post That was neatly summed up, Posted 2 years ago. An advertisement headlined Keep That Wedding Day Complexion features an illustration of a rosy-cheeked, elaborately dressed bride. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites, This template should be used by SHS students taking APUSH, Native American Settlements Prior to 1492, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P1), Reasons for English Exploration and Settlement, British Colonial Society and Political Economy, The French and Indian War and Its Aftermath, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P2), Problems with the Articles of Confederation, Miracle at Philadelphia: Drafting the Constitution, Ratification Debate and Slavery in the Age of Revolution, Democracy and Republicanism in the Early Republic, George Washingtons Farewell Address and the Adams Administration, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P3), The Louisiana Purchase and Territorial Expansion, Nationalist Republicans and the Demise of the Federalists, The Fire Bell in the Night: Slavery and the Missouri Compromise, Constitutional Interpretation in the Early Republic, Old Hickory Returns: Andrew Jacksons Rise to Political Prominence, The Nullification Crisis and the Bank War, The Second Great Awakening and the Politics of the 1820s, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P4), Early Nineteenth Century Art, Architecture, and Literature, The Compromise of 1850 and the Problem of Fugitive Slaves, Political Parties in Transition and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Political Parties in Transition and the Dred Scott Decision, The Civil War: From Fort Sumter to Gettysburg, The Civil War: From Gettysburg to Appomattox Courthouse, Abraham Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P5), The Reconstruction of the North and the Politics of the New South, Fall of the Knights of Labor and the Rise of the AFL, Dissent in the Gilded Age: Afro-American and Female Voices of Protest, Cultural and Intellectual Movements in the Gilded Age, Native American Resistance on the Frontier, The New West and the Closing of the Frontier, The Populist Movement & the Election of 1896, Roosevelt, Taft, and the Progressive Movement, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P6), Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Movement, Over Here: American Society in World War I, Breaking the Heart of the World: The Treaty of Versailles, Analyzing the Causes and Effects of the Great Depression, Comparing the New Deal and Progressive Movement, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P7), McCarthyism: The Second American Red Scare, Beyond the New Deal: The Truman Years at Home, Postwar Prosperity and the Consumer Culture, The Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and early 1960s, The Foreign and Domestic Policy: Challenges in the 1970s, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P8), Foreign and Domestic Policy Challenges in the 1990s, Globalization and Free Trade in the 1990s, Societal Changes on the Eve of the 21st Century, Additional Reading/Primary Sources Notes (P9). [hope that helps :)]. Why or why not? placed demand to collectively bargain at the top of reforms. 18th century Frederika Charlotte Riedesel is considered to have been the first American Woman in journalism, but female journalists did not become popular until the 19th century, with people like Jane Grey Swisshelm, Magaret Fuller and Nellie Bly. mortage Leisure activity related to mass consumption But they all made products that were too expensive for most Americans. Bruce Barton founded advertising. 0000006195 00000 n I don't understand when the article says "these labor-saving devices tended to increase the workload for women by raising the standards of domestic work". 0000039275 00000 n Direct link to Ariana's post I don't understand when t, Posted 4 years ago. By the end of the decade, that number had increased to nearly two million. primarily in the first decade of the twentieth century; A modern administrative system (started by General Motors) developed with with more efficient division, made it easier/simpler to control branches of business and expand. The politics of progressivism, Effective freedom The power of advertising to shape public attitudes had been demonstrated through the Committee on Public Information's use of media to marshal public support during World War I. A wealthy planter and slaveholder, he is known for founding Richmond and for his diaries documenting the life of a gentleman planter. Navigation. emerged in the late nineteenth century, which insisted that 0000001914 00000 n birth control and voluntary motherhood as essential to Direct link to Promise Gist's post Did any female writters b, Posted 5 months ago. Rockefeller's religious beliefs and philanthropy helped to soften the negative public perception of him and other wealthy industrialists. Politics in the Industrial Era. The prosperity of the 1920s led to new patterns of. Fordism- Early twentieth-century term describing the amendment passed in 1913 that legalized the federal The United States economy was built on consumption. Mass Consumption & Culture. Progressivism was an international movement In 1872 Yellowstone in Wyoming the first national park was institutions and social policies should be judged by their Strike against garment industry among immigrant workers The new advertising industry perfected ways of increasing The French and Indian War and Its Aftermath. 0000004100 00000 n An American standard of living There were many new manufactured goods that Americans wanted such as cars, radios, and cleaning appliances. The power of advertising even influenced religion. Key Concept 1.2. . Thus companies like Honda and Toyota make more money than Bugatti or Lamborghini. of contract. One of the ways in which the gentry set themselves apart from others was through their purchase, consumption, and display of goods. Election of 1912 Business leaders used new tactics to consolidate wealth and drive out competition. Do you think the United States was destined to become a nation of car owners and highways? ZKyG]ZAw*wb9 p A@ )9 6"9GY !cY.#Wd3~Gb^g'` yQ?s- D|kVC,c,o8LzY4 ?aK\XS)-*<9Tb$+J. Indeed, along with the colonial gentry, ordinary settlers in the colonies also participated in the frenzy of consumer spending on goods from Great Britain. HWF+Hnr0<4CPl,SKSlO _UW)/Rv@%:XeI))1zC!uxZz\Ab+j/YAd)o,&2)S]~mSk{uk2qa4H2+ X/E|qABZA$R ,M98+ow|9H=_?M'AvZoU2 Ro+ko'? When consumer demand bottomed out, America's economy simply stopped functioning. BNl|1p6AmLVm]ZnmJq;x xcAvlbk|"@ (dW@PaYN^>#qrVgFwESaH)^nolfn4q dangerous additives and inaccurate labeling Both innovations had a dramatic impact on price: the Model T that sold for $850 in 1908 sold for $290 in 1924. The original price of a Model T was $850.00. Lindberghs flight made him an international hero: the best-known American in the world. His flight, which he completed in the monoplane. The federal government also played a role in the expansion of the railroad system by providing. How do you think present-day forms of international media, like television shows and websites, compare to the printed word in the eighteenth century? Heinz, Jell-O, and Schlitz Beer began creating advertisements to battle for the limited attention of consumers in busy metro areas. At the bottom, to illustrate that the soap contains oils used by Cleopatra, an image depicts two rosy-cheeked, white women dressed in flowing garments and seated in a room whose dcor is reminiscent of ancient Egypt. The immigrant quest for freedom "T]XAU%GIIo0mPN7Umo7m=@505|roX)&3(EdalbF&~V8. trailer << /Size 570 /Info 553 0 R /Root 558 0 R /Prev 341840 /ID[<2e112fbcbc38d7ee98e6c0a585e1b932>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 558 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 548 0 R /Metadata 554 0 R /PageLabels 546 0 R >> endobj 568 0 obj << /S 2045 /L 2881 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 569 0 R >> stream Search this site. work process in favor of supervisors micromanagement. An Urban Age and a Consumer Society Farms and Cities 1. The need for public roadways required local and state governments to fund a dramatic expansion of infrastructure, which permitted motels and restaurants to spring up and offer new services to millions of newly mobile Americans with cash to spend. Ford focused on standardizing output and lowering prices tribal backgrounds to promote discussion of the plight of Cross), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), give me liberty chapter 18 outline professor Lockwood. Give Me Liberty Chapter 17 Freedoms Boundaries at Home and Abroad, Give Me Liberty Chapter 18 The Progressive Era, Give Me Liberty Chapter 19 Safe for Democracy and WW1, Give Me Liberty Chapter 20 From Business Culture to Great Depression, Organizational Theory and Behavior (BUS 5113), Introduction to Psychological Research and Ethics (PSY-260), Introduction to Human Psychology (PSYC 1111), Nursing Process IV: Medical-Surgical Nursing (NUR 411), Health-Illness Concepts Across the Lifespan I (NUR 1460C), Pre service firefighter education and training (FSC-1106), Fundamental Human Form and Function (ES 207), Foundations of Addiction and Substance Use Disorders (PCN-100), Administrative Strategy and Policy (MGMT 5355), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), Iris Module 2- Accomodations for Students w Disabilities, Ch. Souths persistent poverty limited the consumer economy 0000000751 00000 n Politics in the 1920s. Direct link to mbane's post How did credit expansion , Posted 2 years ago. Fords focus on cheap mass production brought both benefits and disadvantages to his workers. Materialist reform party supported progressive reforms similar to those of the Richard Byrd's 1926 flight over the North Pole earned him the Congressional Medal of Honor, and he received international renown for his explorations of Antarctica. I suggest you read it once again. Ford also created new management techniques that became known as welfare capitalism. Soon it was discovered that by drilling, you could reach pockets of it under the earth. consumption was almost like a denial of rights Entered golden age View APUSH (1).docx from SOCIAL STUDIES 4155 at Warren High School. With wealth came power and political demands. Direct link to sonya's post Why did Ford focus on che, Posted 4 years ago. Change and Reaction in the 1920s, Next daycare centers, to free women from the constraints of the Populism. By 1929, there were over 23 million automobiles on American roads. from your Reading List will also remove any Many of the new devices promised to give womenwho continued to have primary responsibility for houseworkmore opportunities to step out of the home and expand their horizons. as critical definitions of womens emancipation This perspective helped to legitimize the growing wealth gap in the United States and the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few individuals and corporations. Studios built theaters that resembled palaces, featuring mirrors, lush carpeting, and grand names such as the Rialto and the Ritz. Search this site. The ideas of a living wage and American standard of living offered new ways of, Taylor pioneered scientific management, which eliminated workers influence over the. Republican Party to run for president again in 1912; the AFL sought to forge closer ties with corporate leaders Issues concerning personal relations were now publicly To survive, railroads competed by offering rebates and kickbacks to favored shippers while charging exorbitant freight rates to smaller customers such as farmers. Direct link to Iron Programming's post In many of the primary te, Posted 5 years ago. Other companies followed suit, improving working conditions, setting up company unions, offering health insurance and profitsharing plans, and developing recreational programs. Anglicization. and any corresponding bookmarks? so if ford assembly line workers were making 5 dollars a day, could get buy a used model T with one day's pay?? Chapter For 16 America'S Gilded Age, 1870-1890 Focus Questions; Chapter 19 Notes; Exam 2 guide History 1301; Burns Notes-Acute--> Rehab phases Direct link to Harmony Walsh's post Were female journalists p, Posted 6 years ago. Women provided social services, nursing, and education to 0000002243 00000 n The United States Steel Corporation, which was formed by J.P. Morgan through the merger of multiple steel companies. subtreasury plan, which extended credit to farmers when 0000003709 00000 n Direct link to David Alexander's post For so long as any woman , Posted 6 months ago. and retail mail-order houses for farmers and small-town But the flapper represented only a small percentage of American women; for the overwhelming majority, life did not change that much. For so long as any woman has put pen to paper, creating a set of instructions for anything, female writers have been more than tolerated, they have been obeyed! Wartime production had helped pull America's economy out of. League, filed a brief in Muller that used statistics about If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Chicago in 1905 and nicknamed the Wobblies; its Consumer freedom Cities became the birthplace of a mass consumption society department stores, chain stores in urban neighborhoods, and retail mail-order houses for farmers and small-town residents Low wages, the unequal distribution of income, and the South's . A growing presence of women I labor reinforced demands Many regard Enheduanna, a Sumerian priestess who lived more than 4,200 years ago, as the first known female writer. Objective & Essay Exams. Hellen Keller was an advocate for disabled, socialism, The print media also expanded during the '20s. within immigrant families conservation movement was a progressive reform management of the nations natural resources. Female employment grew slowly in the 1920s, mostly in occupations traditionally identified with women office and social work, teaching, nursing, and apparel manufacturing and women who worked were usually single, divorced, or widowed. to define the American way of life, where fulfillment was found through buying stuff. John D. Rockefeller, one of the most successful industrialists and philanthropists of the 19th century, was a devout Baptist who believed that his wealth was a blessing from God. In what ways were they similar? Direct link to Hecretary Bird's post Most Khan Academy article, Posted 2 years ago. %PDF-1.4 % The mechanization of production in the mid-1800s before the Civil War, mainly relating to the ability to manufacture a gun that has interchangeable parts, paved the way for an explosion of new consumer product goods, on a massive scale, in the 1880s and 1890s. Some entrepreneurs bottled it in patent medications and others burned it. 0000049480 00000 n He believed that man could experience direct presence of Reformers portrayed child labor as a threat to white in New York Harbor through which most European CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. This can include control over raw materials, manufacturing, and distribution of a product. neighborhoods and endured inequality together. Another very popular publication was the English gentlemens magazine the, Novels, a new type of literature, made their first appearance in the 18th century and proved very popular in the British Atlantic. In class on Tuesday we discussed one main conceptualization; the origins of a rising urban middle class leisure and consumption based culture, Big idea #1: The urban middle class is starting to expand (though nothing like today). Industrial freedom and the Labor problem were believed to be the biggest issues by. But instead of the Civil War being the catalyst, a clear divide in political and social differences, sparked by Covid-19, coupled with the age of instantaneous information, is driving the new paradigm of life today. Generically, there is an odd number of steady states, alternating between. The birth control movement Road to Revolution. His system of mass production and mass consumption came to be called Fordism. Democrat Woodrow Wilson, and Socialist Eugene V. Debs, The Adamson Act establishing an eight-hour workday on The increase in railroad mileage made it possible to transport goods and people over long distances quickly and efficiently. Direct link to jmorales2's post How can I site this in ML, Posted 2 years ago. Going to the movies became a social occasion and one of the main activities for young people and turned into an even greater phenomenon with the release of The Jazz Singer in 1927, the first talking motion picture. Magazines like Ladies' Home Journal and The Saturday Evening Post became vehicles to connect advertisers with middle-class consumers. (You can find a good general MLA guide at Purdue OWL). Providing the opportunity to buy on credit was also a powerful marketing tool. Immigrants arrived imagining the United States to be the But instead of flipping through a few hundred pages of a Sears catalog to order something through the mail, we will just log on to Amazon and shop on the internet. New products that had never previously been imagined, like Cream of Wheat, Aunt Jemimas Pancakes, Postum, Kelloggs Shredded Wheat, Juicy Fruit gum, Pabst Blue Ribbon Beer, Coca-Cola, and Quaker Oats, were stocked on the store shelves. Jobs only expanded for white women Labor and civil liberties Other related documents. The Progressive era was marked by explosive economic growth fueled by industry. Urban expansion increased demand Mass production used standardized parts and division of labor on an assembly line (introduced by Ford before the war) to produce cars more quickly and efficiently. Introduction. Immigrants also viewed America as a land of freedom, and formed close-knit ethnic. Fords assembly line also offered greater racial equality than most employment of the time; he paid white and black workers equally. 2016 APUSH. By the mid-1920s, menas well as some pioneering women like the African American stunt pilot Bessie Colemanhad been flying for two decades. Direct link to Ainslyn's post Washing machines eliminat, Posted 2 years ago. On the stage, playwrights turned their attention to topics that had not been addressed before. Henry Ford pioneered the two key developments that made this industry growth possible standardization and mass production. 0000005635 00000 n The campaign moved beyond the elite membership Ford shaped the nations mode of industrialism to rely on paying decent wages so that workers could afford to be the consumers of their own products. Henry Ford's automobile company, which controlled the production of every component used in their cars, including the steel, glass, and rubber. Direct link to Johanna's post Many regard Enheduanna, a, Posted 3 years ago. Access to manufacturing, capital, and distribution are no longer reserved only for the tycoons of industry, but now readily available to the common man with nothing more than an idea and an internet connection. that state interest in protecting women could override liberty The process of nationalization was happening With this new infrastructure, new shopping and living patterns emerged, and streetcar suburbs gave way to automobile suburbs as private automobile traffic on public roads began to replace mass transit on trains and trolleys. It is used in social, economic, and management theory about production, working conditions, consumption, and related phenomena, especially regarding the 20th century. Consumption has been an integral part of the American economy and way of living for the past 150 years, and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future. On the other hand, Ford doubled workers pay to five dollars a day and standardized the workday to eight hoursa reduction from the norm of the time. Americans were fascinated with the idea of new endeavors, buying more things, and behaving in new ways. The culture of the twentieth century would be, in important respects, mass-produced by a few and designed for mass consumption by a wide sweep of the nation. Businesses exhorted consumers to put a small amount down and pay off the balance in monthly installments, instead of saving money for an item and purchasing it with cash. By 1879, through his company, Some people at the time viewed these men as corrupt and harmful. Magazines like Ladies' Home Journal and The Saturday Evening Post became vehicles to connect advertisers with middle-class consumers. Ford would not allow his workers to unionize, and the boring, repetitive nature of the assembly line work generated a high turnover rate. Congress passed the Hepburn act in 1906 It was clear that an obvious amount of growth had happened in business and society during this time, which included cars. a.rCt a>aCg. TL8 oJ[,*y7a0~rp8rgL-R:'2c*Q2g(|A`eC!D X/ endstream endobj 276 0 obj 800 endobj 260 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 243 0 R /Resources 261 0 R /Contents 267 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 36 117.36 576 774 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 261 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 263 0 R /TT4 265 0 R /TT6 268 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 270 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 266 0 R >> >> endobj 262 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2028 1037 ] /FontName /DMBCJN+Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 515 /FontFile2 272 0 R >> endobj 263 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 169 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 389 0 0 0 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 722 0 667 0 0 0 0 556 722 611 833 722 0 0 0 722 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 611 556 611 556 333 0 611 278 0 0 0 889 611 611 611 0 389 556 333 611 0 778 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 737 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DMBCJL+Arial,Bold /FontDescriptor 264 0 R >> endobj 264 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -628 -376 2034 1048 ] /FontName /DMBCJL+Arial,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 271 0 R >> endobj 265 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 191 333 333 389 0 278 333 278 0 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 0 556 278 278 0 0 0 0 0 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 778 667 0 722 667 611 722 0 944 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 0 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DMBCJN+Arial /FontDescriptor 262 0 R >> endobj 266 0 obj [ /ICCBased 274 0 R ] endobj 267 0 obj << /Length 1809 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream The development of the Atlantic economy in the eighteenth centuries allowed American colonists access to more British goods than ever before. Glossary pragmatism is a philosophical movement that No less importantly, European industrial capitalism had from the late nineteenth century onward developed a structural peculiarity that delayed the advent of an American-style mass consumer . Direct link to landlazan's post what was the biggest thin, Posted 3 years ago. Period 1: 1491 - 1607. the poor 0000043633 00000 n Examples of horizontal integration include: A legal entity in which a group of companies or assets are placed under the control of a small group of individuals or a holding company. Some saw cities as a place for corporate greed to The Progressive era was marked by explosive economic 0000003283 00000 n Campaigns were conducted with a new spirit of militancy Low wages, the unequal distribution of income, and the apush. This is a Premium document. Flexible Response. women in New York who developed plans to build No. Cite the article as you would do any other in MLA, using its title and Khan Academy as the publisher. The Sugar Trust, which was formed by a group of sugar manufacturers to control the majority of the sugar production in the United States. In This Side of Paradise, Fitzgerald wrote that his generation, labeled by writer Gertrude Stein as the lost generation, had grown up to find all gods dead. Although many of Fitzgerald's disillusioned contemporaries claimed that there were no heroes in postwar America, the '20s actually produced heroes of a new type. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. The Battle for Racial Equality. The black population of Chicago grew from less than 50,000 in 1910 to almost a 250,000 by 1930. The Warehouse Act reminiscent of the Populist Were female journalists popular back then? He revolutionized industrial work by perfecting the assembly line, which enabled him to lower the Model Ts price from $850 in 1908 to $300 in 1924, making car ownership a real possibility for a large share of the population. Direct link to sky.ponthieux's post how did the developmet of, Posted 3 months ago. trailer << /Size 277 /Info 241 0 R /Root 258 0 R /Prev 472686 /ID[<736ca17f498b71ace9c24a472796b4bb><4de843f544771d4491ef82608463d898>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 258 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 240 0 R /Metadata 239 0 R /AcroForm 259 0 R >> endobj 259 0 obj << /Fields [ ] /DR << /Font << /ZaDb 236 0 R /Helv 237 0 R >> /Encoding << /PDFDocEncoding 238 0 R >> >> /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g ) >> endobj 275 0 obj << /S 944 /V 1051 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 276 0 R >> stream to promote their economic independence. Magazines like. Chapter 18 outline An urban age and a consumer society . offer a broad array of social services in urban immigrant Society of American - Indians Organization founded in 191 1 H[HQdO#X HPk#f,$ZlhEBDcCpOwV;sy3 (K@[ lg'_ qK8$z 9T,v4LbCcPB3gJ*X$;:8p^KO z|nEG[c}=/#o[.lUzVjmu&\8ac:v'%XUGRH]EYnX9b`t97Z*jElohGUGd.k aArbTZJ+ZthgY:dD^y>ht"N ] and growth Soon, people could buy used Model Ts for as little as five dollars, allowing students and others with low incomes to enjoy the freedom and mobility of car ownership. Direct link to jojo's post how did consumer revoluti, Posted 2 years ago. women suffrage, workers' rights, and for world peace. Many Americans viewed the wealth of the "Robber Barons" as a sign of divine favor and justification of the capitalist system.
mass consumption society apush